Thanks for the links, I'll spend some time reading over them.
As far as keeping cats indoors, it is definitely an ideal arrangement. We tried very hard to make Sammy an indoor cat, but there is seriously something wrong with her brain wiring (I am convinced) The longer she is confined indoors the more poopscapades she gets into, and the more aggressive/randomly lashing out and hurting people and other animals she gets. She does go outdoors now (we live on several acres) and honestly if she has had some outdoor "jungle cat" time she is so much more bearable to live with.
We don't leave her out when we are not home, she is confined to the bathroom with her litter box because she can't be trusted to use it otherwise. The way I see it in her specific case, is keeping her indoors makes her (and our) quality of life decrease. Yes, by going outdoors she may end up not living as long, but hopefully the years she is around will be happy ones for her. We try to take extra precautions to keep her safe, like reflective breakaway collars, up to date vaccines, letting her out on a schedule, etc. Hopefully she will be safe, but then again nothing in life is 100%. If she was an indoor cat she could end up like Pie and die at 7 years old from a freak accident. Nothing in life is without risks, and for us and the specific cat we have right now this is what seems to be the best for everyone involved.