However, they most certainly learn by operant and classical conditioning, the same way all mammals learn
I agree. But operant conditioning includes positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment. Operant conditioning is NOT just positive reinforcement even though people often tend to think of it that way. Classical conditioning does not automatically mean conditioning by positive reinforcement only. It's a way of associating one action to another.
Punishment takes a huge number of forms and what is punishing to one dog may not even be mildly irritating to another. Just because some people can use a simple "eht" or let their dog bounce off the end of the leash when they stop and it works for them and that particular dog, does NOT mean it will work for all dogs. That's the crux of this entire thread. Positive reinforcement, in and of itself, even properly used does NOT guarantee the same level of reliability in all dogs.
People making statements saying that all dogs can be taught the same way with the same success, claiming that anyone using aversives more harsh than they're willing to use is being cruel, making blatant insinuations about a person's lack of credibility and/or knowledge just because that person isn't using the same exact method they are .. well, these types of statements are going to be (and should be) continually challenged. They're designed to belittle other people's methods of training while expounding a person's own "I'm so good" attitude. There are a number of variations in training methods that are completely valid and it has NOTHING to do with "morals" (another word often used to insult others who make different choices).
I had an interesting talk with my sister today - she has a Master's degree in psychology and currently works with college kids - about the idealistic over-use of +R with no aversive consequences. She agrees entirely that operant conditioning is best when balanced with a touch of +P, -R or -P with the levels of each determined by the individual personalities. She has seen what I have done with my dogs and understands that what I used with Khana was NOT an overuse of -R or +P. And my sister would have no trouble telling me if she thought I was abusive. She is definitely outspoken .. *L*
While people all have the right to do what they want with their dogs, I want to say something to those silent readers who have found a need to use a small level of punishment with their dogs: you are NOT a bad person, you do NOT have a lack of morals, and please don't let anyone make you think so. If you're creating a high level of fear in your dog, have a dog that is yelping in pain or cringing when you reach for it or runs away from you peeing on the ground in fear, then you need to find a better way. But if you've used something that has changed a behavior without damaging your relationship or creating a huge fear in your dog, that's not necessarily a bad thing. And there's no need to let people guilt you into feeling bad.
Melanie and the gang in Alaska