I have to agree with everyone else... if you couldn't keep your reactive Schnauzer/Border Terrier from attacking another dog, please stay FAR AWAY from any breeds prone to DA. GSDs, Rotties and Staffies are typically very dog reactive, if not dog aggressive. Especially with a novice owner. Especially in a closed in apartment setting. If you think DA/DR is a pain to deal with, you are going to face so much more difficulty working with a human aggressive protective breed. They require immense socialization, training, management and vigilent control over your dog. When you have assy neighbors who already have a reason to hate you, the last thing you want to do is terrorize them with an intimidating breed of dog... especially if you are not up to controlling and training that dog. Please do yourself and the dog a favor and find a breed that not only complies with your allergies (how could you just "GET RID OF" your cats due to your allergies, but go out and get an 80 lb highly allergenic dog?!) but that is also a much easier, much more beginner friendly dog!!!
My suggestions for breeds who are less likely to cause allergy issues and are typically friendly: Bouvier des Flandres, Chinese Crested, Coton de Tulear, Irish Water Spaniel, Portugese Water Dog, Standard Poodle. Standard Poodles are really smart, amazingly sweet dogs. I wasn't a huge fan of them until spending every day around my boss's stunning, awesome girl who just chills in the grooming shop and welcomes everyone. The upkeep on their coats is costly, but they are a really NICE breed, athletic, intuitive, intelligent and although they're friendly I would expect they would protect their owners. I would say a Smooth Collie fits your needs as they are generally wonderful dogs, but they do shed. I would advise saving up for a well-bred dog from a reputable breeder, if you want a puppy. Then you're getting a dog from parents with a stable temperament and good genetic health, and you can get guidance from the breeder. You might have to pay $1000, and wait a while, but it's worth it to get a great dog that suits you who will be your companion for LIFE!